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2021年5月29日，享誉国际的马球杂志《POLO&LUXURY》十周年纪念刊正式上线。作为献礼十周年的礼物，马球杂志《POLO&LUXURY》对来自中国河南天启生物技术有限公司的克隆马项目进行了专题报道，并对天启生物CEO刘红波博士进行了采访。
《POLO&LUXURY》作为国际马球界的顶级刊物，在13个国家，超过150个马球俱乐部进行发行，并覆盖澳大利亚、奥地利、中国、捷克共和国、迪拜、法国、德国、新西兰、英国、南非、西班牙、瑞士和美国的相关高端马球赛事，以下是报道原文和中文翻译（如有翻译不当之处，请联系我们进行修改）：
马球杂志《POLO&LUXURY》专题报道截图
马球杂志《POLO&LUXURY》专题报道截图
China has developed its own horse cloning system
中国已经拥有了自己的克隆马技术体系
The scientific breakthrough came with Tian Tian
科学突破源于“天天”
The first cloned horse was born in 2003. Originally the aim was to secure the genetic material of castrated or already deceased animals for the breeding world by cloning. Meanwhile, horse cloning has become a million-dollar business.
世界首例克隆马诞生于2003年。起初克隆技术主要用于保护濒危物种或满足育种目标，充分利用动物遗传潜能。时至今日，克隆已经成为一项颇具价值的产业。
Scientists in different countries – lead by America and Argentina – create high performance sport horses in the laboratory for their financially strong customers. And the Argentine laboratory XYZ is specialist for cloning top polo horses on the assembly line. At the forefront of this business Adolfo Cambiaso, established himself, as an investor and player of clone horses. The superstar of the polo scene now almost exclusively relies on horses, which have been created from the genetics of his legendary horses of the past.
由美国和阿根廷领军的多国科学家为他们的高净值客户繁育出了众多高性能运动型马匹。其中，位于阿根廷的XYZ实验室，专业为客户克隆顶级马球马。走在这项事业最前列的，就是阿道夫·坎比亚索 (Adolfo Cambiaso)先生，他是克隆马球马事业的投资人和主要玩家。那些马球马大赛的超级明星马匹，几乎毫无例外，都克隆自过去那些久负盛名的马匹。
China has a long horse tradition. But the market has changed massively: For a long time, work horses have dominated, but nowadays sport horses are mostly sought after, and the demand for elite horses in all disciplines is very high. The local market cannot meet this demand. Since 2016, Tianqi biotechnology Ltd, has been conducting research in the areas of industrial horse breeding and reproductive systems, including cloning, and cell therapy. On August 16, 2020, after 5 years of research, Tian Tian, the first cloned horse in China, was born. POLO & LUXURY owner Birgit Hügli-Herrmann spoke to Dr. Liu Hongbo, CEO of the Tianqi biotechnology Ltd Laboratory.
中国养马历史悠久，但是市场已经发生了巨变：过去以役用为主，现在以运动型马为主，而且各个领域对于良种马的需求非常巨大。显然，单仅依靠现有力量根本无法满足这些市场需求。从2016年开始，天启生物技术有限公司便一直致力于产业级马繁育技术的研究，具体包括克隆和细胞治疗。经过5年的努力，2020年8月16日，中国第一匹体细胞克隆马“天天”诞生。在得知了这一喜讯后，POLO&LUXURY创办人Birgit Hügli-Herrmann女士对天启CEO刘红波博士进行了采访。
河南天启生物技术有限公司CEO刘红波博士
Birgit: Doctor Liu Hongbo, first of all, my congratulations to you and your team for the first cloned horses. In many western countries, horse cloning is a million-dollar business for years. Why does China invest in the development of its own research?
Birgit: 刘红波博士，首先恭喜您和您的团队获得第一匹克隆马。在西方国家，克隆马产业已经繁荣多年，为什么中国还要自己投资搞研发呢？
Liu Hongbo:Thanks a lot! It’s my honor to have the chance to introduce my team’s work. As you know, cloning has many potential applications in an animal breeding program, endangered animal protection, and biomedical field. As one of the most useful assistant reproductive techniques, animal cloning has been a concern worldwide. Although many achievements have been made, cloning is still not developed enough from a technical and an economical perspective, such as the low successful rate.
刘红波：非常感谢！很荣幸有这个机会来介绍我们团队。众所周知，克隆在动物繁育、保护濒危动物和生物医药领域都大有可为。在畜牧领域，克隆作为辅助繁殖技术之一，深受重视。尽管已经取得了不少的进步，但是无论从技术层面还是经济层面来讲，克隆还并没有被彻底攻克，比如成功率低这个问题尚未解决。
Demands for sport horses are rapidly growing in China, but the local horses can’t meet most of them. China has been importing a large number of elite horses from aboard in recent years. In 2018, China imported more than 2,000 horses from overseas. The imported horses are expensive, and it will cost much more time to produce more offspring. A better stategy will be to clone them to save time and money.
中国对于运动型马的需求正在快速增长，但是仅依靠当地马匹无法满足这些需求。近年来，中国不断地从国外进口大量良种马，比如2018年，中国就进口了2000多匹。进口马匹不仅价格昂贵，而且后续选育仍然需要很长的时间，短期内仍然无法满足需求。所以更好的方式是直接克隆良种马，这样既可以节省时间也可以降低成本。
Cloning will be helpful to protect and develop the local horse breeds. The elite sports horses which have lost the normal reproduction ability could be cloned as well. Furthermore, the cloned horses will continue the good relationship between the horses and their owners. So, it will be much more effective, convenient, and valuable to develop the industrial horsecloning system for China itself.
除此之外，对于那些失去繁殖能力的良种马也可以通过克隆技术保留优秀基因。而且对于那些意外失去自己爱宠的马主，克隆技术也能使他们再续前缘。综上所述，中国自己研发产业级克隆技术体系是更加有效、方便、有价值的选择。
Birgit:Wouldn't it have been more economical to import the western cloning technology and to clone horses in China on this basis?
Birgit: 从国外引进技术，然后在中国克隆马匹不是更经济实惠吗？
Liu Hongbo:From the beginning of this century, especially in recent years, our country has attached great importance to the protection of native animal germplasm resources and the development of animal breeds. Last year, the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People’s Republic of China and the General Administration of Sport of China jointly issued the National Horse Industry Development Plan (2020-2025). Preserving the genetic resources of local breeds and enhance innovation in horse breeding are listed as the important ways to establish a modern horse farming system which is one of the main tasks to be accomplished of the Plan. Breeding Chinese sport horses (i.e., warm blood horses, endurance horses, and polo horses) with modern breeding technology is mentioned in this Plan.
刘红波：中国一直很重视本土动物种质资源的保护和选育，特别是近些年，中国政府为此颁布了一系列政策。比如去年，中华人民共和国农业农村部和国家体育总局联合印发了《全国马业发展规划（2020-2025年）》，将保护地方品种遗传资源，加强马育种创新列为建立现代马匹养殖体系的重要路径。《规划》中提到用现代繁育技术来扩繁中国运动型马匹，比如温血马、耐力马、马球马等。
China Horse Industry Association (CHIA), the leader of the Chinese horse industry and the main drafting organization of the Plan, have paid lots of attention to horse breeding techniques for quite a long time. Cloning is one of the core techniques that could help or accelerate local horse protection and horse breeding innovation. People of the Chinese horse industry have a strong will to master the horse cloning technique by themselves rather than simply import this technique from other countries. As a member of CHIA, Tian Qi was honored to develop the horse cloning system for China.
中国马业协会（CHIA）作为中国马业的领头羊，同时也是起草《马业发展规划》的主要组织，同样潜心研究马繁育技术多年。克隆被认为是可以帮助和促进本土马匹保护和马匹育种的关键核心技术之一。中国马业从业者们都强烈希望自己能掌握克隆马技术，而不是简单的从其他国家引进。作为CHIA的成员之一，天启非常荣幸为中国研发出了克隆马技术。
At the same time, horse cloning is still a young technique, although it has an eighteen-year history. Horse cloning is still one of the most expensive and complicated techniques in comparison with cloning other animals. There is a very long way to go for a great technique to be accepted and appreciated by the people. By cloning horses, it could be a much cheaper, easier, and valuable choice for the world’s horse industry, and Tian Qi and the Chinese horse industry want to make contributions to the development and progress of the cloning technology.
除此之外，克隆马技术虽然已有18年的历史，但依然是一项年轻的技术。与克隆其他动物相比，克隆马仍然是最昂贵、最复杂的。一般来讲，一项技术为大众认可和接受都是需要一段较长的时间的。具体对于克隆马而言，这项技术也会变的更加便宜、更为容易并且为全球马业带来巨大的价值。天启和中国马业都希望可以为克隆技术的发展和进步做出直接的贡献。
河南天启生物技术有限公司实验室
Birgit:How does the cloning technique developed by you and your team differ from the technique used in the West?
Birgit: 您和您团队研发的克隆技术与西方使用的有何不同？
Liu Hongbo:To the best of my knowledge, there are not many groups focused on horse cloning and very little published data available, so it is difficult for me to establish the differences.” I’m looking forward to having international exchanges and cooperation opportunities in the future. I think we can learn more from each other.
刘红波：据我所知，主攻克隆马研究的团队并不多，已经公开的可用数据也很少。我很期待将来能有机会与他们进行国际交流和合作，我想我们可以互相学习、相互借鉴。
Birgit:How many clone-horses have you reproduced? How many horses do you expect in 2021?What horse breeds and genetics are you currently working on?
Birgit: 目前你们克隆了多少匹马？2021年有多少呢？你们正在克隆什么品种的马？
Liu Hongbo:After 5 years of hard work, we obtained four clones in 2020.Now we still have about 20 pregnancies beyond day 200. They’re expected to be born between June and August 2021. We have been developing the cloning system suitable for the local breeds, Akhal-teke horses, warm-blood horses and polo horses.
刘红波：我们在2020年获得了4匹克隆马。目前我们仍有20匹马超过了200天的孕期时间。预计在2021年6月至8月之间，这些克隆马会陆续出生。我们一直致力于建立适合本土马、阿哈尔泰克马、温血马和马球马的克隆技术体系。
Birgit:What are your plans and goals for the next 5 and 10 years?
Birgit: 您未来5年和10年的计划和目标是什么？
Liu Hongbo:We’re eager to develop a modern horse cloning system to support the demands of the market. It should be a much cheaper, easier and more intelligent system, and bring great value for the people. If we can eventually share the value of horse cloning with millions of people, it will turn into a large business.
刘红波：我们渴望建立一个能够充分满足市场需求的现代克隆马技术体系。这个体系应当是更经济的、更简单的和更为智能的，并且可用为人们创造更大的价值。如果我们的现代克隆马体系能够最终为数以百万计的人们提供服务，那么将会成就一份大的事业。
Birgit:China has developed its one polo horse breed successfully. Do you have any special plans regarding cloning of the Chinese polo horses?
Birgit: 中国已经成功培育了自己的马球马品种，你有任何特别的计划准备克隆他们吗？
Liu Hongbo：As you mentioned, with the direction and help of the CHIA, the Chinese horse industry has developed its own Polo horses successfully. A polo horse group standard was issued by CHIA early last year. China has a pretty long history of playing Polo and many people are enthusiastic about this sport. I believe that we have the ability to clone polo horses.
刘红波：正如您所言，在中国马业协会的指导和帮助下，中国已经成功培育出自己的马球马。并且CHIA也在去年公布了马球团体标准。中国拥有悠久的马球运动历史，并且许多人热衷于这项运动。我相信我们有能力去克隆马球马。
However, as far as I know, compared with cloning, breeding polo horses with artificial insemination or natural service is not expensive. If horse owners have high-level polo horses which unfortunately are infertile or they want to obtain offspring from high-level polo horses, it is very possible to speed up the breeding work, and they might ask us for help.
据我所知，与克隆相比，人工授精或者自然繁育马球马当然不贵。但如果马主们，有高水平的马球马碰巧丧失了繁殖能力或者想利用它们获得更多高水平的后代来加速马球马的选育工作，他们可以找到我们并得到帮助。
Birgit:How high do you estimate the economic factor of cloning and reproduction of horses per year?
Birgit: 您预估每年克隆繁育马匹能带来多少经济价值呢？
Liu Hongbo:The horse has many potential applications in culture, tourism, sports, education and health systems. The horses of good breeds and genetics could bring great value.
The assistant reproductive techniques are expected to accelerate the propagation of superior horses, such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, cloning and embryo transfer. To my mind, with the rapid development of the industry, the cloning and reproduction market scale for horse will reach $10 billion per year sooner or later.
刘红波：马在文化、旅游、体育、教育和健康领域都有巨大的潜在市场价值。良种马匹会带来更大的价值。辅助繁殖技术，例如人工授精、体外受精、克隆和胚胎移植技术等，有望加速良种马的快速繁殖，在我看来，随着行业的快速发展，克隆马繁育产业的规模在不久的将来有望可以达到每年100亿美元。
